В.Кондратьев Самолеты первой мировой войны
Румплер B-I / RUMPLER B-I
Доктор Румплер, владелец и главный конструктор фирмы Эдмунд Румплер Флюгцойгверк, спроектировал в 1914 году двухместный многоцелевой биплан смешанной конструкции с преобладанием древесины, использовав для него фюзеляж моноплана "Румплер-Таубе".
Самолет с заводским обозначением 4A оказался весьма удачным. Его приняли на вооружение немецких ВВС под индексом В-I и запустили в серию на фирмах Румплер и Пфальц. Всего построено 198 экземпляров машины, которые применялись в 1914-1915 годах на западном и восточном фронтах.
ДВИГАТЕЛЬ
"Мерседес", 100 л.с.
А.Александров, Г.Петров Крылатые пленники России
Рядом с "Эльфауге Б. I" 6-го авиапарка (см. фото 9) стоит аппарат "Румплер Б. I" с номером 213 на киле, ошибочно считавшийся "Марсом". Такой же самолет, сохранивший германский номер Б. 740/15, представлен на фотографиях 11, а и б. Код 4А был заводским обозначением типа, а саму фирму "Румплер Люфтфарцойгбау" (E.Rumpler Luftfahrzeugbau GmbH, затем Rumpler Flugzeugwerke с 1915 г.) учредил в 1909 г. австриец Эдмунд Румплер (Edmund Rumpler). Построив 19 самолетов в 1911 г., она увеличила их выпуск до 108 единиц в 1914 г. "Румплер Б. I" легко узнаваем по "курносым" очертаниям киля и руля поворота и по характерному вырезу в центроплане верхнего крыла (12 и 13). Модель оснащалась все тем же мотором "Мерседес" 100 л. с. и боковыми секционными радиаторами "Хазет" (14, из коллекции М. Маслова). Любопытной деталью являлся воронкообразный обтекаемый расходный бензобак под центропланом (15). Отметим также, что схожие типы зачастую имели пропеллеры различных марок, в частности: французские "Нормаль" диаметром 2,30 м (10) и "Интеграл" диаметром от 2,40 до 2,85 м (12), германские "Беренд унд Рюггебрехт" (14) и "Гаруда" (15) диаметром, соответственно 2,80 и 2,70 м (Normale, Integral, Behrend & Riiggebrecht, Garuda) и т. д.
O.Thetford, P.Gray German Aircraft of the First World War (Putnam)
Rumpler B I (4A)
Probably the first Rumpler biplane, the B I was built in 1914 and used for reconnaissance work and training duties. Engine, 100 h.p. Mercedes D I. Span, 13.0 m. (42 ft. 7 7/8 in.). Length, 8.4 m. (27 ft. 6 3/4 in.). Height, 3.1 (10 ft. 2 1/8 in.). Weights: Empty, 750 kg. (1,650 lb.). Loaded, 970 kg (2,134 lb.). Speed, 145 km.hr. (90.625 m.p.h.).
Rumpler 4A 13
Developed from the B I, the 4A 13 differed in having a comma-type balanced rudder and radiators located on the fuselage sides. Engine, 100 h.p. Mercedes D I. Span, 14.5 m. (47 ft. 7 in.). Length, 8.4 m. (27ft. 6 3/4 in). Height, 3.1 m. (10 ft. 6 in.) Weights: Empty, 780 kg. (1,716 lb.). Loaded, 1,064 kg. (2,341 lb.). Speed, 145 km.hr. (90.625 m.p.h.). The Rumpler 4A 14 was a similar machine but powered with 150 h.p. Benz engine which gave loaded weight of 1,130 kg. (2,486 lb.). No photo available.
J.Herris Rumpler Aircraft of WWI (A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes 11)
Rumpler B.I
By 1914 it was increasingly clear that the biplane had an inherently superior performance compared to the Taube, having lower drag and therefore higher speed, climb rate, and ceiling. Rumpler designed their unarmed biplane, factory designation 4A, in 1914, and the aircraft was purchased by the army as the Rumpler B.I. Powered by a 100 hp Mercedes D.I, the Rumpler B.I was a good aircraft for its time, with good performance and flying qualities, and gave satisfactory service. The Rumpler 4A13 derived from the 4A/B.I had a balanced rudder and the same engine. The Rumpler 4A14 was similar but powered by a 150 hp Benz Bz.III.
The Austro-Hungarian Luftfahrtruppen purchased a total of 31 Rumpler B.Is. They were used by Fliks 4, 5, 9, and 13 for bombing and reconnaissance and were used as trainers at least through August 1918.
Rumpler B.I Specifications
Engine: 100 hp Mercedes D.I
Wing: Span 13.0 m
General: Length 8.4 m
Height 3.1 m
Empty Weight 750 kg
Loaded Weight 970 kg
Maximum Speed: 145 kmh
Military aircraft serials for 1914 and 1915 are complicated, as there were impressments and aircraft taken over from the factories as available. This means the serials were often not typical numbers. Sometimes the aircraft type changes with each serial within a series of numbers. (Data courtesy Reinhard Zankl.)
Rumpler B.I
1914
B.362/14 - B.395/14 (34 a/c) Maybe more, but certainly not more than B.360/16 to B.406/16
B.470/14 - B.487/14 (18 a/c)
B.509/14 (1 a/c) Range 506-511/14 so far uncovered by other types*
B.567/14 (1 a/c) Range 562-570/14 so far uncovered by other types*
B.669/14 (1 a/c) Also noted as Av B.I
B.708/14 - B.760/14 (53 a/c) Bordered by Av. B.I 707/14 and Alb B.II B.766/14*
B.959/14 (1 a/c) Bordered by LVG B.I 950/14 and Go B.I 960/14*
B.1018/14 - B.1042/14 (25 a/c) Bordered by Alb B.I 1017/14 and Fok B.I 1043/14*
B.1196/14 (1 a/c)
1915
B.352/15 - B.355/15 (4 a/c) Bordered by Eu B.Ш 350/15 and Av B.I 359/15*
B.367/15 (1 a/c) May be a mis-recorded B.367/14
B.383/15 (1 a/c)
B.955/15 - B.966/15 (12 a/c)
Note: * doesn't mean the uncovered serials have to be Rumpler B.I
Several Rumpler B.I aircraft were used by the Rumpler flying school (Militar Flieger Schule Muncheberg) which were owned by the Rumpler factory and had no military serial.
The Navy received 24 Rumpler B.I aircraft with various engines:
S.37-S.41 (5 a/c)
S.59-S.65 (7 a/c)
S.93-S.95 (3 a/c)
S.128-S.135 (8 a/c)
S.163 (1 a/c)
M.Dusing German Aviation Industry in WWI. Volume 2 (A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes 85)
Rumpler-Werke A.G. in Berlin-Johannisthal (Ru)
Aircraft Development:
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At the beginning of the war, the company developed a two-seat multi-purpose biplane of mixed construction with a wooden basis for the fuselage from the Rumpler Taube monoplane and a Mercedes D.I engine (100 hp). The aircraft with the manufacturer's designation Rumpler 4A turned out to be very successful. It was adopted by the German Air Force under the code B.I and put into mass production at Rumpler and Pfalz. Totally 198 machines were built. It was used in 1914-1915 on the Western and Eastern fronts.
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One
Rumpler B.I Series 02
Early in the war when LA officers combed Germany for any aircraft they could lay their hands on, two Rumpler B.I biplanes (Type 4A) were purchased from the air service. Being out-of-series aircraft, they received numbers R 01 (later 00.04) and R 02 (00.05). In January and March 1915, twenty-two B.I biplanes (including B.1018-1022, 1025, 1028, 1033 and 1034/14, released for sale by the German air service), entered LA inventory as series R 1 to R 22. On the Eastern Front in the spring of 1915, another seven were transferred directly from Flieger Abteilung 30 to the LFT. These aircraft were later designated Rumpler B.I 02.01 to 02.29. All were powered by a 100 or 120 hp Mercedes engine.
The Rumpler B.I flew reconnaissance and bombing sorties with Fliks 5 and 13 on the Russian Front, with Fliks 4 and 9 in the Balkans, and later with Flik 4 on the Italian Front. As they came in for repair, at least ten aircraft were refitted with the 100 hp Daimler engine. By early 1916 the remaining B.I biplanes had been assigned to training service with Fleks 1 to 5, 7, 8, 11, and 13. As of 1 July 1917, fifteen were still active, and a long-lived nine Rumpler B.I machines were carried on the training aircraft inventory on 31 August 1918.
LFT Designation ex-German Designation
New Original
02.01 R 1 B.470/14
02.25 R25 B.1039/14
02.26 R26 B.484/14
02.27 R27 B.712/14
02.28 R28 B.477/14
02.29 R29 B.725/14
Rumpler B.I Series 02
Engine: 100 hp Mercedes
Wing: Span Upper 13.00 m (42.65 ft)
Span Lower 12.80 m (41.99 ft)
Chord Upper 1.88 m (6.17 ft)
Chord Lower 1.80 m (5.91 ft)
Total Wing Area 39.0 sq m (420 sq ft)
General: Length 8.2 m (26.90 ft)
Empty Weight 750 kg (1654 lb)
Loaded Weight 1150 kg (2536 lb)
Maximum Speed: 105 km/hr (65 mph)
Climb: 1000m |3,281 ft) in 9.5 min
2000m (6,562 ft) in 27.5 min
3000m (9,843 ft) in 48.5 min
E.Hauke, W.Schroeder, B.Totschinger Die Flugzeuge der k.u.k. Luftfahrtruppe und Seeflieger 1914-1918
01. — 010. Flugzeuge ausländischer Produktion (Самолеты иностранного производства)
02.01 — 02.29 Rumpler B.I Merc 100, Dm 100
Журнал Flight
Flight, July 3, 1914.
FOREIGN AIRCRAFT NEWS.
New World's Duration Record.
BRIEF reference was made in our last issue to the splendid flight of Basser on a Rumpler biplane on the 24th ult., when he made a non-stop of 18 hrs. 11 mins. He started at 3.49 p.m. on the 23rd ult. and landed at 10 a.m. the next morning. Landsmann on an Albatros biplane who started at Johannisthal at 9.9 p.m. on the 33rd ult., after circling above the aerodrome for some time was driven away by a storm and eventually landed at Liegnitz in Silesia at 2.25 the following afternoon, having made a non-stop flight of 17 hrs. 17 mins. The previous duration record was Poulet's 16 hrs. 28 mins. made in April last on a Caudron.
Splendid as was Basser's record, it was beaten within four days by his rival Landsmann who, starting at 8.30 p.m. on Saturday last flew over a course between Johannisthal and Schulzendorf for 21 hours 49 mins. without stopping, the flight only coming to an end through the petrol supply failing. Altogether 625 litres of fuel and 50 kilogs. of oil were used while the distance covered was about 1,000 kiloms. Landsmann used an Albatros biplane which, like Basser's Rumpler, was fitted with a 100 h.p. Mercedes engine.
Flight, September 18, 1914.
AIRCRAFT "MADE IN GERMANY"
WHICH MAY BE EMPLOYED AGAINST THE ALLIES.
31. The Rumpler Biplane
is one of the newest types of German biplanes, as it made its first appearance on the last day of the "Triangle" race. The rectangular section fuselage is of very roomy proportions as in all Rumpler machines. It is covered in front with aluminium, and a slight turtle-back is formed by three-ply wood; the rest of the fuselage is covered with fabric. The chassis is similar to that of the new monoplane, so that spare parts may be employed to replace any broken parts of either monoplane or biplane.
The wings have been designed with a view to facilitate erecting and dismantling, and differ from usual practice in that the upper plane does not join in the centre as in nearly all other German biplanes, but follows more the English practice of having a short centre section attached to the fuselage by four tubes, which remains in place when the wings are dismantled. Ailerons are fitted to the upper plane only, and the control cables do not, as in previous Rumpler machines, pass through the interior of the plane, but under the lower plane and up through openings to the top plane. The interplane struts are streamline steel tubes, which are quickly detachable, and the cross-bracing is by means of stranded steel cables. Pilot and passenger are installed tandem-fashion in separate cockpits, the passenger sitting in front. The engine fitted as standard is a 100 h.p. Mercedes.
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M.Dusing - German Aviation Industry in WWI. Volume 2 /Centennial Perspective/ (85)
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Rumpler B.I (Rumpler 4A) (1914) The Rumpler biplane on which Herr Basser beat the world's duration record at Johannisthal on June 24th last, with a flight of 18 hrs. 12 mins. duration. The nose of the fuselage round the 100 hjp. Mercedes engine is covered with aluminium, whilst the top of the body is covered with three-ply wood. The rear portion of the fuselage is totally covered in with fabric. Provision has been made for quick erecting and dismantling of the wings, which are separated by 12 steel tube struts of streamline section. The chassis is exactly similar to that of the Rumpler monoplanes, thus allowing of interchange of spare parts.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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This aircraft may be the Rumpler B.I prototype. Here is Sanke card 260. The B.I was a reliable replacement for the obsolete Taube and had good flying qualities, making it suitable for training use as well as operational reconnaissance missions.
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Jane's All The World Aircraft 1919 /Jane's/
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Early form of Rumpler B.I type military biplane, which just before the war broke various distance and duration records, including an 18 hours non-stop flight by Herr Basser, and a flight from Berlin to Constantinople, stopping only at Vienna, Sofia and Bucharest. Herr Basser is seen in the pilot's seat above.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler 4A14 was developed from the Rumpler B.I by installing a 150 hp Benz Bz.III.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I in left foreground in a hangar with other B-types.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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The Rumpler military flying school at Muncheberg circa 1916/17. Rumpler B.I trainers crowd the hangar.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Naval Rumpler B.I S60.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I B.362/15.
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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Rumpler B.I 477/14 (02.28) was transferred to the LFT from Flieger Abteilung 30 at the Front. Still in its original German markings, it was flown later as a trainer in Wiener-Neustadt.
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M.Bowden - The Great War's Finest. Volume1: Western Front 1914 /Aeronaut/ (1)
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Rumpler B.I B.483/14 carries national insignia on both sides of all four wings. A 100 hp Mercedes D.I provided the power. Designed and placed into production in 1914, the Rumpler B.I was a good aircraft for its time. (Aeronaut)
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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This Rumpler B.I 484/14 (02.26) was operational with Flik 1 with the German insignia still intact. It would be repainted when it came in for repair.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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The Rumpler B.I was of conventional wood, wire, and fabric construction and used a 100 hp Mercedes D.I engine.
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A.Olejko - Habsburg Wings 1915 /Aeronaut/
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"Aviation fashion" in winter 1915... In the photo against the Rumpler B.I Oblt. Ludwig Dumbacher and Oblt. Cizinsky of Flik 1 surrounded by German officers at the Croatian airport in Slatina, March 15, 1915 - source: Fotoarchiv SAW-KA.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I with then Vzfw. Raetsch at right.
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O.Thetford, P.Gray - German Aircraft of the First World War /Putnam/
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Rumpler 4A 13
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I aircraft.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Anonymous Rumpler B.I aircraft in use.
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Журнал - Flight за 1917 г.
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An interesting photograph of the landing of an enemy machine with pilot badly injured and the observer killed. Our contemporary, La Guerrv Aerienne, states in regard to the above that on January 10th, 1915, near Villers-Bocage, Sub - Lieut. Eugene Gilbert, the well-known aviator, brought down this Aviatik. The landing was quite normal, the motor having been stopped through a bullet smashing the radiator. When the French soldiers arrived to seize the machine, the observer, Lieut. von Falkenstein, was noticed to be sitting perfectly still, and it was soon realised that he was dead, whilst the pilot, Lieut. Keller, was completely hors de combat through being seriously wounded.
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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A Mercedes-engined Rumpler B.I (02.08?).
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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The longer 100 hp Daimler engine did not deter resourceful LFT fitters. Here it is installed in the B.I 02.25.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I depicted in Sanke card 271. Aircraft recognition, always a problem for the infantry, was in its infancy and the aircraft is will decorated with German national insignia to identify it for the ground troops.
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I approaching to land. In addition to the Fliegertruppe, the B.I was used by the German Navy and 31 were sold to the Austro-Hungarian Luftfahrtruppen where they served until at least August 1918.
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A.Olejko - Habsburg Wings 1915 /Aeronaut/
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Nord-Ostfront 1914... Flik 5 in the "full gala" at the field airport in Baranow Sandomierski (?). In the photo there are six Rumpler B.I planes with their crews and ground personnel standing next to them - source: Fotoarchiv SAW-KA.
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М.Маслов - Русские самолеты Первой Мировой /Эксмо/
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Оригинальная подпись гласит, что на фото сборочная аппаратов (манеж), относящаяся к 6-й авиароте. Представленные аппараты Румплер, Шнейдер, Фарман свидетельствуют о наличии в эксплуатации значительного количества самолетов иностранного производства
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 9)
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 11а)
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 11б)
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 12)
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 13)
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 14)
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А.Александров, Г.Петров - Крылатые пленники России
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(КПР 15)
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J.Herris - Rumpler Aircraft of WWI /Centennial Perspective/ (11)
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Rumpler B.I from the Militar Flieger Schule Muncheberg flown by Lt. Raetsch on its nose.
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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Rumpler B 1 (02.01, w/n 217) in which Feldwebel Franz Juhasz of Flik 5 suffered a minor landing mishap in early 1915. The tail markings, possibly applied at the Rumpler factory, were non-standard.
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E.Hauke, W.Schroeder, B.Totschinger - Die Flugzeuge der k.u.k. Luftfahrtruppe und Seeflieger 1914-1918
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Rumpler B.I. Flugzeugnummer 02.02, Seitenruder nicht original, nur Versuch, „Kraxe“ am 15. März 1916 in Wiener Neustadt Rumpler B.I. № 02.02, руль не оригинальный, единственный такой экземпляр, "Крушение" 15 марта 1916 года в Винер-Нойштадте.
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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In training service a number of B.I biplanes were retro-fitted with an aerodynamically-balanced rudder, shown here on Rumpler B.I 02.02. The marking on the tailplane is unusual.
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P.Grosz, G.Haddow, P.Shiemer - Austro-Hungarian Army Aircraft of World War One /Flying Machines/
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Rumpler B.I Series 02
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