Cesar

   Cesar, a Belgian, came to France like many other aviation enthusiasts of different nationalities to work with French designers, builders, and other workers. In 1910 he built what was probably his only machine, a tandem biplane with a pair of short rectangular wings at each end of a long rectangular uncovered box frame, the whole resting on a 4-wheel undercarriage. A pair of rudders was fitted between the aft pair of wings, and a pair of ailerons was set out in front on outriggers. A 50 hp 4-cylinder Prini-Berthaud sat on the trailing edge of the lower wing of the forward pair, driving a pusher propeller. Some photographs show the machine hung on 4 struts underneath a stubby cigar-shaped balloon; the combination was described as a "biplan mixte."