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Страна Конструктор Название Год Фото Текст

Kondor E.3 / D.I

Страна: Германия

Год: 1918

Fighter

Kondor - D.7 - 1918 - Германия<– –>Korn - Kite - 1918 - Германия


В.Обухович, А.Никифоров Самолеты Первой Мировой войны


После победы на втором конкурсе истребителей моноплана-"парасоль" Фоккер D VIII к созданию подобных аппаратов приступили и некоторые другие компании. Так, конструктор компании "Кондор" Вальтер Ретхель (будущий ведущий конструктор Me 109) в середине 1918 г. разработал истребитель Е.З. От машины Фоккера новый самолет отличался конструкцией крыла. Оно было цельнодеревянным толстого профиля с фанерной обшивкой. Листы обшивки снаружи (по нервюрам) усиливались Л-образными накладками. Фюзеляж конструктивно напоминал Фоккера D VIII: сварная ферма из стальных труб скруглялась фанерными панелями и частично оклеивалась полотном. Киль был деревянным, силовой набор стабилизатора из стальных труб. Оснащался самолет мощным ротативным двигателем Оберурсель Ur.III (160 л. с.) в стандартном, для подобных двигателей мотокапоте. На варианте Е.3а устанавливался двигатель Гебель Goe.III в 200 л. с, укрытый оригинальным капотом.
   Самолет G.3 участвовал в конкурсе истребителей, где продемонстрировал отличные характеристики, а также удивил прочностью конструкции. Летчики-истребители высоко оценили эту машину.
   Командование заказало 100 истребителей, получивших обозначение DI. Вооружались они двумя синхропулеметами "Шпандау*. Однако до конца войны удалось поставить в войска не более 10 машин, которые в боях не участвовали.
  
  

Технические данные Кондор D I
  
Двигатель 1 х Оберурсель Ur.III (160 л. с.)
Размеры:
   размах х длина 9,0 х 5,5 м
Площадь крыльев 12,75 м2
Вес
   пустого 460 кг
   взлетный 640 кг
Максимальная скорость 190 км/ч
Вооружение:
   стрелковое 2 х 7,62-мм синхронных пулемета "Шпандау"


O.Thetford, P.Gray German Aircraft of the First World War (Putnam)


Kondor E III and IIIa
   A parasol monoplane in two versions was designed by Rethel and Ehrhardt to participate in the third D types Competition in October 1918. The E III was fitted with 140 h.p. Oberursel U III engine and had a cut-away horse-shoe-type cowling; the E IIIa (above) had the 200 h.p. Goebel IIIa, which was enclosed in a circular cowling with louvred vents all round it. Engine, 140 h.p. Oberursel U III (E IIIa), 200 h.p. Goebel IIIa (E IIIa). Span, 9 0 m. (29 ft. 6 3/8 in.). Length, 5.8 m. (19 ft. 0 3/8 in.). Height, 2.745 in. (9 ft. 0 in.). Area, 12.4 sq.m. (134 sq.ft.). Weights: Empty, 465 kg. (1,023 lb.). Loaded, 660 kg. (1,452 lb.). Speed, 195 km.hr. (121.875 m.p.h.), E III; 200 km.hr. (125 m.p.h.), E IIIa. Climb. 5,000 m. (16,400 ft.), 16 min. E III; 11 min. E IIIa.


W.Green, G.Swanborough The Complete Book of Fighters


KONDOR E 3 (D I) Germany

   In July 1918, Walter Rethel initiated design of a single-seat parasol-wing fighter monoplane patterned on the Fokker E V (D VIII) and designated E 3 by the Kondor Flugzeugwerke. A unique cantilever wing construction was devised for the new fighter and patented by Kondor. This consisted of thin veneer sheets laid chordwise across the wing between protruding ribs to which the veneer was attached with opposing L-shaped strips. This wing structure was exceptionally robust and, according to Kondor, the protruding ribs resulted in improved aerodynamic characteristics. Powered by a 160 hp Oberursel Ur III rotary, the E 3 was sent to Adlershof for type test in September 1918, and participated in the Third D-type contest held in the following month. The E 3 was reported as having excellent flying characteristics only marginally inferior to those of the Siemens-Schuckert D IV, and its wing did not oscillate at high speeds as did that of the Fokker D VIII. Hptm Eduard Ritter von Schleich, CO of Jagdgeschwader 4, regarded the E 3 as the best fighter of the competition. A second E 3 (referred to by Kondor as the E 3a) was built with a new 160 hp Goebel Goe III rotary engine, this having a full cowling rather than the cutaway horseshoe-type cowling partly enclosing the Ur III rotary. This version had a max speed of 124 mph (200 km/h) and attained an altitude of 16,405 ft (5 000 m) in 11 min. The Kondor parasol was assigned the official designation of D I, but it is not known with certainty how many were built, although it is believed that 100 fighters of this type were ordered and some 8-10 completed. After World War I, a single E 3a was acquired by the Swiss Comte, Mittelholzer concern for aerobatic displays, two others being procured by the Dutch NAVO firm early in 1920.

Max speed, 118 mph (190 km/h).
Time to 16,405 ft (5000 m), 16.0 min.
Ceiling, 20,275 ft (6180 m).
Empty weight, 1,014 lb (460 kg).
Loaded weight, 1,411 lb (640 kg).
Span, 29 ft 6 1/3 in (9,00 m).
Length, 18 ft 0 1/2 in (5,50 m).
Height, 9 ft 0 1/4 in (2,75 m).
Wing area, 137.24 sq ft (12,75 m2).


J.Herris German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Vol I (A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes 49)


Kondor E.III & E.IIIa

   Newcomer Kondor had not been a factor at the first two fighter competitions, but made a surprise hit at the Third Fighter Competition with its E.III and E.IIIa parasol monoplane fighters. While established companies like Albatros and Roland were fizzling out, Kondor designer Rethel was inspired by the Fokker E.V and invented a new wing structure that was very strong yet light weight. The resulting Kondor E.III had veneer sheets applied chordwise between ribs that projected above the wing surface. The protruding ribs were claimed to offer aerodynamic benefits, and may have improved boundary layer flow.
   Flight evaluation showed the E.III to have much better flight characteristics than the Fokker D.VIII and its wing was much stronger. Hptm. Eduard Ritter von Schleich, commander of JG 4, extolled the E.III as the best fighter at the competition and claimed to have arranged for an E.III to be shipped directly to him. The Kondor E.III was loaded on a flatcar on November 2 but never arrived due to the Armistice on the 11th. Kondor claimed 100 fighters, now officially designated the Kondor D.I (previous Kondor fighter designations had been factory, not official military designations), were ordered but there is no confirming documentation.
   The Kondor E.III used the 160 hp Oberursel Ur.III, and the E.IIIa was powered by the 160 hp Goebel
Goe.III. Due to the different engine, the E.IIIa, which was faster and had a much better climb rate, used a different cowling than the E.III and had a spinner.
   Apparently a small number of E.III/E.IIIa aircraft, probably no more than ten, were built, and several were sent to Idflieg for flight testing. But it was now too late; the war was over and Kondor's triumph remained virtually unknown. A few found their way to the civilian market after the war.

Kondor E.III Specifications
Engine: 160 hp Oberursel Ur.III
Wing: Span 9.00 m
Wing Area 12.75 m2
General: Length 5.50 m
Height 2.75 m
Empty Weight 460 kg
Loaded Weight 640 kg
Maximum Speed: 190 km/h
Climb: 5000 m 16.0 min
Ceiling: 6,180 m


Kondor E.IIIa Specifications
Engine: 160 hp Goebel Goe.III
Wing: Span 9.00 m
Wing Area 12.75 m1
General: Length 5.50 m
Height 2.75 m
Maximum Speed: 200 km/h
Climb: 5000 m 11.0 min

Форум - Breguet's Aircraft Challenge /WWW/
Кондор D I
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Kondor E.IIIa prototype
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Kondor E.IIIa in postwar civil Swiss service
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Детище конструктора Вальтера Ретхеля - истребитель Кондор DI
The Kondor E III Wireless Parasol Monoplane. (140 h.p. Oberursel rotary engine), which is said to give a speed of 195 kms. per hour and a climb of 5,000 metres in 16 minutes.
The Kondor E.III was powered by the 160 hp Oberursel Ur.III rotary. The E.III had a cutaway cowl and no spinner was fitted. No armament is fitted. This E.III competed in the Third Fighter Competition.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Front view of the Kondor E.III. The E.III and E.IIIa offered better flying qualities than the Fokker D.VIII monoplane and had a stronger wing. (Peter M. Grosz collection, STDB)
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Powered by a 160 hp Goebel Goe.III rotary, the Kondor E.IIIa competed at the Third Fighter Competition. The E.IIIa was faster and had a much better rate of climb than the E.III due to its superior engine. (Peter M. Grosz collection, STDB)
The Kondor E IIIa "Wireless" Parasol Monoplane (200 h.p. Goebel rotary engine) which gives a speed of 200 kms. per hour and a climb of 5,000 metres in 11 minutes.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Another contender and Fokker D VIII look-alike that took part in the third 1918 Adlershof fighter trial, held in October, was the Kondor E 3a seen here. The E 3A employed a 180hp Goebel rotary. A second specimen, the 160hp Oberursal U III powered Kondor E 3, also participated in this competition. The external wing ribbing, along with the aft wing centre section cut-out help to highlight that this design employed the still novel thick sectioned, high lift wing. Top level speeds for the E 3 and E 3a were reported to be 120mph and 124mph, respectively.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Rearview of the Kondor E.IIIa. The E.IIIa was faster and had a much better rate of climb than the E.III due to its superior engine. It offered better flying qualities than the Fokker D.VIII monoplane and had a stronger wing.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
The Kondor E.IIIa was powered by the 160 hp Goebel Goe.III rotary; the E.IIIa had a spinner and full cowl.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Powered by a 160 hp Goebel Goe.III rotary, the Kondor D.IIIa competed at the Third Fighter Competition. This is a 1919 view of an unarmed Kondor D.IIIa in civil Swiss service with the owner, Alfred Comte, in the cockpit.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
The Kondor E.IIIa was powered by the 160 hp Goebel Goe.III rotary and had a spinner and full cowl. The Kondor E.III was powered by the 160hp Oberursel Ur.III rotary and had a cutaway cowl and no spinner. This aircraft was photographed in 1919 in Switzerland, where it was employed for aerobatic displays. An LVG C.V is in the background.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
This Kondor E.IIIa was photographed in 1919 in Switzerland, it was owned by the Comte, Mittleholzer & Co. (Aero Gesellschaft). An LVG C.V in Swiss markings is at right.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
A Kondor E.IIIa at Cuyk, Holland, in 1920; the pilot is Hans Wende of NAVO.The unusual wing structure is evident. Unlike the Fokker D.VIII, the cantilever wing did not vibrate at high speed. The stronger wing structure of the E.III/IIIa also gave it a better roll rate than the Fokker D.VIII, which is very important for a fighter.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Kondor E.IIIa
W.Green, G.Swanborough - The Complete Book of Fighters
Ur III-powered E 3.
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Kondor E.III & E.IIIa
J.Herris - German Aircraft of Minor Manufacturers in WW1. Volume I /Centennial Perspective/ (49)
Kondor E.III & E.IIIa