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Страна: Италия

Год: 1915

J.Davilla Italian Aviation in the First World War. Vol.3: Aircraft M-W (A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes 75)

SAML "Amphiplane"

  Two biplanes with 80-95-hp Aetos engine. It was entered in the final round of the 1913 Military Aircraft Competition. This called for an ascent to 1000m in less than 40 minutes and 300 km of distance. The SAML completed the course in 4 hours 5 minutes, an hour behind the Borel.



SAML Aviatik, S.1 & S.2

Aviatik P.13, P.14,& P.15

  The SAML two-seat reconnaissance machines were purchased as interim aircraft pending the arrival of more modern designs for the corpi d’crmata and crmata squadriglias. The failure of the Italian aviation industry to develop new reconnaissance machines that were both reliable and efficient, resulted in the type serving almost to the end of the war. It is interesting that such a modest design, so clearly outclassed by 1916, would play such an important role in the Aviazione Militair.
  The Aviatik firm had considerable success in producing military aircraft for the German Fliegertruppe prewar. Three successful prewar military designs had been designed by Wild, the famous Swiss aeronautical engineer, for the German Aviatik firm. These aircraft were:
  Aviatik B - Type P 13 - produced as in a three or four-bay version. Its first flight was on May 1912. It was also known as Aviatik DD Military
  Aviatik B - Type P 14 - a smaller wing; purchased by the Fliegertruppe in 1913 for its stable flight characteristics and load carrying ability.
  In 1913 a total of 101 B-type tractor biplanes based on types P 13 and P.14 fitted with wing cellules of varying wing span were ordered.
  Aviatik B - Type P 15 - a contemporary design of the successful P.14, the P.15 had two-bay wings and shorter fuselage. A three bay version was built as a bomber. The engine was a 100-hp Argus or Mercedes.
  SAML, which had manufactured industrial machinery since 1901, obtained a license to produce the Aviatik under license.
  In 1913, SAML entered an Aviatik P.13 in the first Italian military aircraft competition in 1913. The design did not elicit any orders, French designs such as the Bleriot 11 being preferred.
  By early 1915 colonello Maurizio Mario Moris, of the DGA (Direttore Generale d Aeronautica = Director General of Aeronautics), ordered the Aviatik P 15 copy to be built, These would not be used as army co-operation types or bombers, but were intended to serve with various squadriglie da difesa (defence squadrons) to provide for local protection for Italian cities and factories.
  By the spring of 1917 no Aviatiks were still equipping any operational unit at the front, since they had been gradually replaced by the newer SAMLs for use in reconnaissance missions and by the nimbler single-seat Nieuport biplanes. The Aviatiks were assigned to flying-schools, where they operated quite successfully.

Technical

  The Aviatik P.15 was a two-bay biplane with the upper wing being substantially longer than the lower. The two spar wings were of wooden construction, covered in fabric. The struts were metal.
  The wooden fuselage was slab sided without much streamlining. There was fabric covering, except for the forward portion (to the cockpit) which was covered in aluminum sheeting.
  The crew of two sat in tandem in separate cockpits.
  There was a triangular fin and curved tailplanes.
  “V” struts supported the conventional undercarriage, and there was a wooden tail skid. Bungee chords provided shock absorption.
  Various engines were used in the German Aviatiks, and the Italian machines followed suit using several types:
   150-hp Isotta-Fraschini
   125-hp Salmson
   140-hp Salmson
   200-hp Fiat A. 12

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Описание:

  • J.Davilla Italian Aviation in the First World War. Vol.3: Aircraft M-W (A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes 75)
  • Форум Breguet's Aircraft Challenge