Guinard

   In 1909 at Limoges an accountant named Guinard built an ornithopter to be fitted the following year with a 10 hp motor. And in 1912, photos captioned with the name Guinard show a curious and very sophisticated parasol monoplane, partly built. The pilot sat towards the tail of a chubby streamlined covered fuselage supported on 4 small wheels. The engine drove 2 small 3-bladed propellers, which were preceded by a small horizontal surface. Guinard's special interest seemed to be in airfoil sections: both the wing and the propeller blades were composed of separated wide ribs, apparently uncovered: each rib resembled a small boat upside down.