Juge et Rolland

   In 1908 JJ Juge and Paul Rolland began the construction of a large ornithopter which attracted some attention; built mainly of steel tubing and covered with silk, it had a streamlined fuselage on 3 wheels with wings high enough to beat: they were bat-wing-shaped, with 6 or 7 flaps on each leading edge. The tail could be castered by "reflex movements of the pilot." The flaps were to be actuated through connecting rods and an endless screw powered by the 20-24 hp motor, which was inside the body hidden under an aluminum fairing. But Juge and Rolland never had the money to purchase the engine.

   (Rotor span: 11.5 m; weight: 30 kg; 20-24 hp motor which was never installed)