G.Swanborough, P.Bowers United States Military Aircraft Since 1909 (Putnam)

BREESE PENGUIN

   The Breese Penguin was built to apply the peculiar French technique of pre-flight ground training to the admirably suited open Texas Prairies. The aircraft used, called “Roleurs” by the French, were low-powered machines with normal aeroplane features except that the wings were too small to permit flight. They got up enough speed, however, for the student to raise the tail and get the “feel” of the controls. The Breese and the ground-running method were not adopted, possibly due to the rough­running 28-h.p. Lawrence two-cylinder engine, and 296 of the 301 “Penguins” (inc. 33475/33759) were placed in storage until after the war.