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Страна: Франция

Год: 1919

Two-seater Tractor Biplane

J.Davilla, A.Soltan French Aircraft of the First World War (Flying Machines)

Morane-Saulnier Types AN, ANL, ANR, and ANS

  The Morane-Saulnier AN series was developed to meet the STAe C2 category of 1917. This specification called for a two-seat fighter to be armed with two synchronized machine guns and two machine guns on a flexible mounting. The latter guns were to be capable of being removed so that a camera could be fitted for high-speed reconnaissance missions. Specifications called for a maximum speed of 220 km/h at 5,000 m, a service ceiling of 8000 m, a minimum speed of 110 km/h, and a payload of 375 kg. Other aircraft designed to meet this specification included the Farman F.30 and 31, HD.5 and 6, Borel-Boccacio Type 3000, BAJ C2, Breguet 17, and SEA 4.
  Assembly of the Type AN began in January of 1918 and was completed by summer. The monocoque fuselage was fitted with the bulky 450-hp Bugatti engine. Initially, engine cooling was accomplished by radiators placed in the leading edges of the upper wing; later these were replaced by two Lamblin radiators located under the nose. The first version of the AN had a pointed spinner that was later deleted. The two-bay wings were of equal span and had a backward sweep. The lower wing was faired into the bottom of the fuselage. Both the upper and lower wings had horn-balanced ailerons. Armament consisted of a synchronized 7.7-mm Vickers machine gun and two 7.7-mm Lewis guns on a TO.3 mounting in the observer's cockpit.
  The Type AN was tested at Villacoublay and received the STAe designation MoS.31. Evaluation began on 27 October 1918, but the aircraft's performance was to prove inferior to the SEA 4. Despite the Type AN's disappointing performance, particularly its slow rate of climb, it was ordered into production. However, there seems to have been concern that the Bugatti engine might not prove to be reliable and three additional versions of the Type AN were built, each using a different engine. These engines had already been used in other aircraft designed to meet the C2 specification.
  The Type ANL (given the STAe designation MoS.32) was powered by a 400-hp Liberty 12 engine. The aircraft had the same basic layout of the Type AN, but the Liberty engine resulted in an even bulkier profile than did the Bugatti. There were minor changes to the wing and tailfin. The two Lamblin nose radiators were retained and there was a long exhaust pipe on either side of the fuselage. Minor changes were made to the upper wing and fin. The armament remained unchanged. The aircraft was tested at Villacoublay in 1919. A version of the ANL that had a thicker wing profile was also tested in 1919 but showed no performance advantage.
  The ANR had a 450-hp Renault 12F engine attached to the basic ANL airframe. The aircraft, which was designated MoS.33, had a slightly longer nose and only a single exhaust manifold.
  The ANS was the final variant of the AN series. It was powered by a 530-hp Salmson 18Z and received the STAe designation MoS.34. The ANS was almost identical to the preceding ANL and ANR except for the more streamlined nose profile.
  The Types AN, ANL, ANR, and ANS did not enter service, probably because the end ot the war reduced the Aviation Militaires need for new aircraft. Furthermore, the Breguet 17s and SEA 4s were already in production.


Morane-Saulnier Type AN Two-Seat Fighter with 450-hp Bugatti
   Span 11.726 m; length 8.345 m; height 2.77 m; wing area 41.0 sq. m
   Loaded weight 1,770 kg
   Maximum speed: 225 km/h; climb to 1,000 in in 3 minutes 1 second; climb to 2,000 m in 6 minutes 40 seconds; climb to 3.000 m in 12 minutes 13 seconds; climb to 4,000 m in 23 minutes 9 seconds; ceiling 4.750 m
   Armament: one synchronized 7.7-mm Vickers machine gun and two 7.7-mm Lewis guns on a TO. 4 mount
   One built

Morane-Saulnier Type ANL Two-Seat Fighter with 400-hp Liberty 12
   Empty weight 1,190kg; loaded weight 1,766 kg
   Maximum speed: 217 km/h; range 650 km; ceiling 6,000 in
   Armament: one synchronized 7.7-mm Vickers machine gun and two 7.7-mm Lewis guns on a TO.3 mount
   One built

Morane-Saulnier Type ANR Two-Seat Fighter with 450-hp Renault 12F
   Maximum speed: 149 km/h at 4,000 m; climb to 4,000 m in 19 minutes 50 seconds; ceiling 7,500 m; endurance 2.5 hours
   Armament: one synchronized 7.7-mm Vickers machine gun and two 7.7-mm Lewis guns on a TO.3 mount
   One built

Morane-Saulnier Type ANS Two-Seat Fighter with 530-hp Salmson 18Z
   Dimensions identical to AN except length was 8.27 m
   Armament: one synchronized 7.7-mm Vickers machine gun and two 7.7-mm Lewis guns on a TO.3 mount
   One built

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Описание:

  • J.Davilla, A.Soltan French Aircraft of the First World War (Flying Machines)
  • W.Green, G.Swanborough The Complete Book of Fighters
  • Jane's All The World Aircraft 1919
  • C.Owers French Warplanes of WWI. Volume 1: Fighters (A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes 43)